To install Exchange Server 2013 requires certain roles and features. These can be automatically installed via the GUI install of Exchange Server, however it is more efficient to install these via PowerShell

Powershell Command

Install-WindowsFeature AS-HTTP-Activation, Desktop-Experience, NET-Framework-45-Features, RPC-over-HTTP-proxy, RSAT-Clustering, RSAT-Clustering-CmdInterface, RSAT-Clustering-Mgmt, RSAT-Clustering-PowerShell, Web-Mgmt-Console, WAS-Process-Model, Web-Asp-Net45, Web-Basic-Auth, Web-Client-Auth, Web-Digest-Auth, Web-Dir-Browsing, Web-Dyn-Compression, Web-Http-Errors, Web-Http-Logging, Web-Http-Redirect, Web-Http-Tracing, Web-ISAPI-Ext, Web-ISAPI-Filter, Web-Lgcy-Mgmt-Console, Web-Metabase, Web-Mgmt-Console, Web-Mgmt-Service, Web-Net-Ext45, Web-Request-Monitor, Web-Server, Web-Stat-Compression, Web-Static-Content, Web-Windows-Auth, Web-WMI, Windows-Identity-Foundation,RSAT-ADDS

This command will install all roles and features required for either the mailbox or client access exchange role.

After the server has rebooted you will need to install the following application packages

UCMA 4.0 SDK http://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/download/details.aspx?id=35463

UCMA 4.0 Client Runtime http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=34992

Office 2010 Filter Pack http://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/download/details.aspx?id=17062

Office 2010 Filter Pack SP2 http://www.microsoft.com/en-gb/download/details.aspx?id=39668

Reboot once more and then begin the Exchange 2013 Installation.